Hydrogeology and Water Resources involves the study of the hydrogeology system and water movement, distribution, and quality underground on the planet Earth. The discipline explores the relations between geologic structures and water resources for sustainable water management and environmental conservation. Hydrogeology and water research encompasses the areas of aquifers' characteristics, groundwater replenishment and flow dynamics, evaluation of water quality, groundwater pollution, hydrogeological modeling, watersheds' management, and sustainability of water resources. Research in this field also studies the effect of climatic change, land use, and anthropogenic activities on the availability and security of water resources. The development of scientific knowledge in the field makes it possible to conserve water, achieve environmental sustainability, and ensure water resource availability in the future.